Artificial intelligence

This is a burning issue among humans. Artificial intelligence will replace humans in the future, it always raises questions in our mind.

Let's emphasis more on this topic and we will see what does really AI means.

What is Artificial intelligence ?

Artificial intelligence is part of computer science. This gives the machine a human-like intelligence that relates to building smart machines that are usually capable of performing tasks requiring human intelligence.

The major limitation in defining AI is simply the creation of machines capable of mimicking human intelligence, which do not really explain what artificial intelligence is? What makes a machine intelligent?

Machine intelligence is something that is created when machines are programmed with certain aspects of human intelligence, including learning, problem solving, and prioritization. With these capabilities, a machine can deal with a complex set of problems.

History

The study of mathematical logic led directly to Alan Turing's theory of computation, which suggested that a machine, by shuffling symbols as simple as "0" and "1", could simulate any conceivable act of mathematical deduction.

Along with concurrent discoveries in neurobiology, information theory and cybernetics, this prompted researchers to consider the possibility of building an electronic brain. The first work, now recognized as AI, is the Turing-complete "1943 formal design for artificial neurons.

The field of AI research was born at a workshop at Dartmouth College in 1956, where the term "Artificial Intelligence" was coined by John McCarthy to distinguish the field from cybernetics and escape the influence of the cyberneticist Norbert Wiener.

Types of AI 

Artificial intelligence generally falls under two broad categories.

• Narrow AI or weak AI
• Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)

Narrow AI (Weak AI)

Weak artificial intelligence (weak AI) is artificial intelligence that implements a finite part of the mind, or as a narrow AI, focused on one narrow task.

In John Searle's terms it “would be useful for testing hypothesis about minds, but would not actually be minds”. Contrast with strong AI which is defined as a machine with the ability to apply intelligence to any problem, rather than just one specific problem, sometimes considered to require consciousness, sentience and mind.

Examples

• Google search
•  Image recognition software 
•  Siri,Alexa and other personal assistants 
• Self-driving cars 
• IBM's Watson

Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)

AGI (Strong AI) has a capacity to understand or learn any intellectual task that a human being can. Some researchers also said that strong AI can experience consciousness.

Application of artificial intelligence

• Agriculture
• Computer science
• Education
• Finance
• Government
• Hospital and medicine
• Service sector
• Media and e-commerce
• Utilities
• Manufacturing
• Transportation

And Many more....

 

Machine learning 

Our ability to learn and get better at tasks through experience is part of being human when we are born we know almost nothing and can do almost nothing for ourselves but soon we're learning and becoming more capable every day but did you know that computers can do the same.

Machine learning is a process of learning and working like humans and improving their learning by feeding them data and information in the form of observations and real-world interactions.

Deep learning

Deep learning is an AI that mimics the work of the human brain in processing data and creating patterns to use in decision making.

Deep learning  is able to learn without human supervision, drawing from data that is both unstructured and unlabeled. Deep learning is branch of machine learning.